PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW ( STUDY CASE : RUSSIAN – UKRAINE WAR 2022)

Abstract

The study is an international arms conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to determine the obligations of International Humanitarian Law in the protection of civil society in times of war. The discussion also identified violations and implementation of the Geneva Convention IV 1949 and additional protocol I 1977 by Russia and Ukraine in the arms conflict. This research uses normative legal research methods which in achieving the objectives of this research the author uses approach methods in the form of legal approaches and conceptual approaches. Then at the conclusion of this study, the application of the Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols has not been fully implemented by states that carry out military aggression. Data on deaths and destruction of building objects continues to grow with each attack. Whereas the arrangement of distinction on the target has been regulated in Additional Protocol I. Therefore the author ingi recommends the resolution of the arms conflict between the two countries by using a diplomatic settlement by conducting negotiations or mediation that can create mutual benefits. The diplomatic aspect that is a step in resolving this conflict is first using diplomatic relations mediated by influential countries with Russia, secondly giving Russia the opportunity to describe any deal as a victory for it, but any agreement produced must be credible and useful and guaranteed by Moskow and Washington and the countries involved in it.