LEGAL ISSUES IN OVERLAPPING AREAS OF MINING BUSINESS LICENSE AND OIL & GAS WORKING AREAS IN INDONESIA

Abstract

This study discusses the legal problems arising from the overlap between Indonesia's Mineral and Coal Mining Business Permit Area (WIUP) and the Oil and Gas Working Area (WK). The overlap of these areas creates legal uncertainty and conflicts of authority between business actors and government agencies, which impacts the investment climate and the sustainability of natural resource management. This research uses a normative juridical method with a legislative approach and case studies. The analysis results show that although there have been arrangements regarding the mechanism for resolving violations across business sectors (PPLB), their implementation is still not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to harmonize regulations and strengthen coordination between institutions to ensure legal certainty in managing overlapping areas.