Abstract:
The global demand for batteries continues to increase, considering that batteries have a role
as clean energy transitions and energy storage systems. Research on batteries will continue
to produce better batteries in the future. Society depends on reliable electricity supplies that
are used anytime, anywhere. One of these electricity supplies is lithium batteries because
they have high energy density and are rechargeable. Over time, the battery's cycle life will
decrease due to the battery material and charging method. One of the optimal charging
methods to use is constant current constant voltage. The design of constant current constant
voltage charger is done by analyzing the decrease in buck converter formula and with a
closed-loop system. The beginning of battery charging uses a constant current mode of 2 A
until the state of charge of the battery is filled with 85% after which the mode changes to
constant voltage 9 V. Closed-loop system produces a small error in constant current which
is 0.05% and constant voltage 0.02% and reduces the overshoot value to 0.591% and rise
time to 12.066 ms. Temperature in the battery can affect the charging output, especially the
current, which is smaller than the battery that does not have a temperature effect.
