THE PROBLEM OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIA-SPAIN BILATERAL AGREEMENT ON INVESTMENT IN MAINTAINING SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT: A CASE STUDY OF PLASTIC ENERGY COMPANY INVESTMENT IN CHEMICAL RECYCLING PROGRAM (2014 – 2019)

Abstract

In 2015, Indonesia dumped 3.2 million tons of plastic waste and was ranked second as the country contributing plastic waste to the sea after China. In Jokowi’s regime, the government is targeting a 70% reduction of plastic waste in 2025 by opening opportunities for foreign investors to cooperate in managing waste and maintaining the Indonesian environment. Indonesia and Spain made an agreement on investment in order to attract and simplify the bureaucracy towards Spanish investors to run their business in Indonesia. This thesis conducted to identify the implementation of bilateral agreement between Indonesia and Spain on investment in maintaining the sustainable environment in Indonesia, and bring the case study of Plastic Energy Company investment in chemical recycling program. The thesis is conducted with qualitative research method and examined the issue with several concept and theories, such as: Green Liberalism theory, Sustainable Development concept and Environmental Diplomacy theory. The thesis aimed to examined how is the implementation of the agreement between Indonesia and Spain on investment has been carried out and challenges for Plastic Energy Company in opening its business to help Indonesia managing waste and maintaining sustainable environment.