INDONESIAN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF JOKOWI’S POLICY TO FOOD SOVEREIGNTY AND SUSTAINABILITY (2014-2019)

Abstract

This study aims to describe President Joko Widodo's efforts to achieve food security targets in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) number 2 through developing the agricultural sector and striving for food sovereignty. Proceeding from this goal, this research takes the following research questions "How is the implementation of Indonesia's food policy under Jokowi's presidency in ensuring food sovereignty and sustainability?" In answering research questions, the author will use institutionalism theory with the Top-Down Model Approach. Institutionalism theory underlies how government institutions, as top-level government officials make policies to overcome existing problems. The Top-Down Model Approach is then used to analyze the factors that underlie the efforts of the Indonesian Government in realizing food sovereignty through agricultural development and stakeholder involvement in policies and programs implementation, also its implementation to the farmers as the food producers. Because there is no index for food sovereignty, the indicators in the RPJMN and Law no. 18/2012, namely food sovereignty as an effort to meet food security independently and the welfare of farmers, are used as a reference in analyzing what efforts have been made by the government to achieve food security following national goals and is a measure of the success of the President Jokowi presidency in implementing its food policy. Through this study, the authors found that food sovereignty efforts refer to three development missions in formulating programs and policies, such as; (1) self-sufficiency; (2) sustainability; (3) and farmers' welfare. These programs and policies are aimed at increasing food availability, increasing physical and economic access to facilitate the affordability of food resources for the community, and encouraging better food utilization to meet national dietary and nutritional needs.