ASEAN’S RESPONSE TO THE MYANMAR COUP: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FIVE-POINT CONSENSUS

Abstract

This research examines ASEAN's continued use of the 'ASEAN Way' through the Five-Point Consensus (5PC) in responding to the military coup in Myanmar in 2021, despite its limited effectiveness in crisis resolution. Through qualitative analysis based on document-based methods and literature review, this study examines why ASEAN has maintained its traditional diplomatic approach in the face of growing challenges. The findings show that while the 5PC has not achieved significant progress in resolving the Myanmar crisis, its continued implementation reflects deep-rooted institutional values and ASEAN's commitment to consensus-building and non-interference principles. The research reveals that ASEAN's approach is characterised by intersubjectivity among member states, institutionalised collective problem-solving practices, and a preference for process-oriented engagement over outcome-based intervention. Despite the institutional constraints that limit ASEAN's ability to respond effectively to Myanmar's complex political crisis, the organisation continues its diplomatic efforts through special envoys to mediate with all parties involved. This study concludes that while ASEAN's traditional approach through the 5PC maintains organisational unity and its diplomatic engagement, the ongoing crisis highlights the need to carefully consider how these diplomatic approaches can be adapted to meet contemporary challenges without compromising fundamental regional values. The findings contribute to broader discussions on the crisis management capabilities of regional organisations and the balance between institutional identity and effective crisis response.