Abstract:
Indonesia and Norway have been cooperating in the REDD+ sector. This
cooperation aims to reduce the level of deforestation that will affect the global
climate. The author of this research uses a descriptive qualitative method whose
main focus is literature study from various sources, including books, journals, and
documents, as well as official websites of relevant ministries and institutions, for
data processing, and data analysis according to the research topic. The author
utilizes the theory of international relations, namely realism and utilizes the concept
of relative gains to comprehensively answer the obstacles or challenges in the
process of bilateral environmental cooperation between Indonesia and Norway,
especially in the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
(REDD+) program which runs from 2017 to 2021. The results of this study, the
author found that Norway did not realize the Result Based Payment (RBP) of 530
million krona or USD 56 million, equivalent to IDR 813 billion, for Indonesia's
success in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 11.2 million tons CO2eq because
according to the Norwegian Government, the measurement of carbon emissions by
Indonesia is different from the measurement results of the Norwegian Government.
On the other hand, the Government of Indonesia considers that the Government of
Norway does not carry out procedural compliance and substantive compliance. In
addition, the Norwegian government gave many requirements because the
Indonesian government violated Indonesia's basic principles and was not in
accordance with the initial agreement. So that the agreement commitments of these
two countries cannot be implemented properly.
